RESUMO
Objective: To explore the application effect of the (software factors, hardware factors, environmental factors, parties and other factors, SHEL) model in respiratory tract exposure protection of staff in temporary COVID-19 hospitals. Methods: 207 Staff members working in the isolation units of Fangcang shelter hospitals between 20 May 2022 and 5 June 2022 were selected as research subjects. The SHEL model was used to protect and manage the respiratory exposure of the isolation unit staff to the novel coronavirus. The incidence of respiratory exposure among the staff in the isolation units was compared before the SHEL model's implementation (20 May 2022-28 May 2022) and afterwards the SHEL model's implementation (29 May 2022-5 June 2022). Results: Before the implementation of the SHEL model, a total of nine cases (4.35%) from 207 workers had respiratory exposure. Occurrence location: six cases in the isolation room (one-out room, level-one protection zone) and three cases in the drop-off area for patients outside the ward. After implementation, a total of two cases (0.97%) of respiratory tract exposure occurred among the 207 staff members; both occurred in the unprotected zone (two-out room, level-two protection zone), and the difference was statistically significant before and after the implementation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: New coronary pneumonia Fangcang shelter hospitals should use the SHEL model to manage the respiratory exposure of their isolation unit staff to reduce the respiratory exposure risk to staff in isolation units.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the establishment and application of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia prevention and control system in general hospitals, to formulate effective prevention and control strategies, so as to provide experience for general hospitals to establish a scientific epidemic prevention and control system, and become a long-term effect mechanism. METHODS: Based on the principles of management of three links of infectious diseases "infectious source, transmission route and susceptible population", through strengthening personnel training, health monitoring, disinfection and protection, material allocation and health science popularization, optimizing diagnosis and treatment area and channel, establishing emergency plans and supervision mechanism, strengthening the management of key departments and the application of artificial intelligence, combined with the actual situation of the hospital, the general hospital formulated scientific and effective prevention and control strategies, payed attention to detail, and ensured the implementation of prevention and control measures. RESULTS: The hospital diagnosis and treatment activities were carried out in an orderly manner, the prevention and control measures were effective and feasible, the awareness of prevention and control of infectious diseases of doctors and patients was significantly enhanced, and the awareness rate of prevention and control knowledge reached 100.00%. The compliance of hand hygiene of medical personnel was improved, and the standards for wearing and removing of protective equipment and disinfection and sterilization were reasonable. The hospital staff, outpatient emergency and inpatients were not infected with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The establishment and application of a scientific hospital infection prevention and control system can effectively control the spread and infection of novel coronavirus in general hospitals.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The global outbreak of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection represents an urgent need for readily available, accurate and rapid diagnostic tests. Nucleic acid testing of respiratory tract specimens for SARS-CoV-2 is the current gold standard for diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the diagnostic accuracy of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid may be lower than optimal. The detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies should be used as a serological non-invasive tool for the diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection. AIM: To investigate the diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and nucleic acid detection in COVID-19. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 652 suspected COVID-19 patients, and 206 non-COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital. Data on SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests and serum antibody tests were collected to investigate the diagnostic value of nucleic acid RT-PCR test kits and immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG antibody test kits. The χ2 test was used to compare differences between categorical variables. A 95% confidence interval (CI) was provided by the Wilson score method. All analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States). RESULTS: Of the 652 suspected COVID-19 patients, 237 (36.3%) had positive nucleic acid tests, 311 (47.7%) were positive for IgM, and 592 (90.8%) were positive for IgG. There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate between the IgM and IgG test groups (P < 0.001). Using the RT-PCR results as a reference, the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of IgM/IgG combined tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection were 98.5%, 95.8%, and 97.1%, respectively. Of the 415 suspected COVID-19 patients with negative nucleic acid test results, 366 had positive IgM/IgG tests with a positive detection rate of 88.2%. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that serological IgM/IgG antibody combined test had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and can be used in combination with RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.